원전 도입을 가속화하는 국제 규제 효율성을 위한 프레임워크 (A Framework for International Regulatory Efficiency to Accelerate Nuclear Deployment)
본 보고서는 효율적인 국제 규제 설계 검토 활동 추진을 위한 단계별 접근 방식을 설명하고, 규제 기관 간의 프로세스 지원 성공을 위한 방안을 제시합니다.
A new approach that defines and drives efficient international regulatory design review activities is required to enable a rapid increase in the production of nuclear energy to support increasingly urgent targets for global climate change mitigation and energy security. The success of the required ramp-up in clean and secure nuclear energy relies on the large-scale deployment of a fleet of standardized designs that are acceptable in multiple countries around the world. Such deployment relies on efficient project reviews, approvals, and licensing to achieve economies of scale across the supply chain and into operation, ultimately increasing the certainty in project reliability, deployment costs and schedules, while maintaining safety. This paper builds upon previous work by the, Canadian Nuclear Association (CNA), the US Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI), and the World Nuclear Association Cooperation in Reactor Design Evaluation and Licensing (CORDEL) Working Group that explored the potential for international licensing of standard reactor designs and draws on lessons from previous harmonization activities and examples from other sectors, including international transport of nuclear materials and civil aviation. The paper examines the potential to accelerate standardized reactor deployment through increased cooperation between national regulatory authorities and developing frameworks that involve all stakeholders. This would involve a framework to gradually reach a high level of efficiency of regulatory design review and acceptance, primarily through: The ability of one regulator to leverage all, or part, of the outcomes from reviews undertaken by other regulators to support their own regulatory process. Based on the challenges associated with multiple diverse stakeholders, a review of other regulated industries, and previous and ongoing harmonization initiatives, this paper is recommending the following:
1. Increased support from governments and industry to facilitate increased collaborative regulatory design review activities including the enablement of groups of regulators working on specific designs.
2. Stakeholders to undertake activities to facilitate increased collaborative regulatory design reviews through a stepwise phased approach, which would allow near-term benefits through “low risk activities” while building a foundation for greater benefits that need a longer timeframe.
3. Increased coordination of existing harmonization activities to accelerate the progress through the stepwise phased approach and make most effective use of the resources available, through:
○ Developing a common vision for success and objectives.
○ Ensuring the involvement of key stakeholders from the outset.
○ Generating integrated project plans between different stakeholders.
○ Developing access to suitable resources over the long term.
This paper recognizes that while significant enhancements to streamline the reviews of a design already approved by another country are possible, there are differences in national legal and societal factors that may continue to require additional country-specific assessments.