신형 고급 원자로에 대한 원자력 안보 및 보증 고려사항 (Nuclear Security and Safeguards Considerations for Novel Advanced Reactors)
본 보고서는 특정 핵 보안 및 안전조치 이슈를 검토하였으며, 여러 설계에 공통적으로 적용되는 문제를 제시하고 있습니다.
Interest is growing globally in a transition from Large Conventional Nuclear Power Plants (LCNPP) to Novel Advanced Reactors (NAR), comprising small modular and advanced modular reactors. Dozens of NAR designs are being developed with planned construction and operation over the next 10-20 years. NAR developers are putting significant work into safety and operational aspects of their designs, but security and safeguards are often secondary considerations, despite these aspects being strongly interconnected. This risks creating a situation where the dependencies, synergies and challenges associated with the relationship between the safety, security and safeguards are not addressed optimally to achieve design-, operational- and cost-efficiency.
This report reviews specific nuclear security and safeguards issues that are specific to NARs and less or not relevant to LCNPPs. It does not examine individual NAR technologies, instead presenting issues that are common across multiple designs. Starting from a discussion of the differences between NARs and LCNPPs, more than 20 security and safeguards considerations are elucidated, leading to several recommendations for NAR stakeholders. Overall, these issues demonstrate that security and safeguards should be considered early in the process, alongside safety.